https://thesis.eur.nl/col/7032/ List of Publications en https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/61252/ Fri, 17 Dec 2021 00:00:01 GMT <div>Nguyen, Le Hong Loan</div> Current employee turnover surveys focus on predicting turnover by measuring demographics, work environment, organizational commitment, and alternative job opportunities. The analytical technique commonly used in these studies is logistic regression that does not incorporate time as a variable of interest. Therefore, this paper uses a survival analysis technique with a time variable to test the turnover model with a sample of 312 employees from various industries in Ho Chi Minh City. The estimates of the survival function and the risk indicate that with the increase in time, the likelihood of staying with the company decreases sharply in the short term, but after a particular time, the risk of leaving the job disappears. The analytical method is selected through hypothesis evaluation of Cox PH model, distribution model test. The test shows that the parametric method with exponential distribution provides a rationale analysis for the turnover model. In particular, factors such as the number of dependents, years of experience, management interest, salary, and emerging job replacement opportunities significantly predict turnover while happiness at work does not. The results from the parametric model regression are consistent with previous studies on work environment factors, organizational commitment, and alternative job opportunities that have a strong influence on employee turnover. The implication of these findings is to help organizations plan and implement employee retention policies that are appropriate over time. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/61251/ Fri, 17 Dec 2021 00:00:01 GMT <div>Ngo, Hoa</div> This thesis examines the potential of using online pricing data from multi-channel retailers for economic research during the pandemic time. It describes the method of collecting data through web-scraping techniques in two of the largest retailers in Vietnam during its first “true” wave of COVID-19 in 2021 and discusses the benefits and challenges of this approach. Data were collected daily across 167 days and from 2,398 product items, for a total of 396,335 observations. Despite limitations such as the short time frame of the research and the fluctuations in the number of data points gathered during the lockdown, the thesis shows that the online price index is capable of tracking the inflation dynamics during the pandemic. The approach can be helpful when price data cannot be collected in person due to lock-downs. Regressions of price dynamics on pandemic variables indicate that the pandemic trajectory, including the total number of vaccinations and the lockdown measures, correlates strongly with the discounting benefits consumers can enjoy, particularly on essential products like foods. Still, no evidence for the correlation between pandemic variables and inflation has been found within the scope of this research. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/61253/ Fri, 17 Dec 2021 00:00:01 GMT <div>Nguyen, Thi Thuy Ngan</div> This research estimates willingness to pay (WTP) for renewable energy and examines its determinants using the Discrete Choice Experiment. The data was collected in 2020 from 286 households with electricity connections in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. In addition to Conditional Logit as the standard model, Mixed Logit and Latent Class are applied in this study to fix its limitations. Several outstanding findings are presented as follows. Firstly, an explicit linear relationship is found between the value of WTP and the increase in renewable energy (RE) share. Secondly, similar to previous literature, solar energy is the most valued RE source; however, the WTP for RE generated from biomass exceeds that from wind, although knowledge of wind energy is more popular than biomass through statistics, implying a huge potential for the development of biomass energy projects. Furthermore, two different latent classes are identified, including awareness of wind and biomass energy, home ownership, the number of people at home during the day and the total number of outages. Noticeably, there is no relationship between the WTP for clean energy and income found in this study, while almost all research found a positive correlation. The estimated results show comparative similarities in all three models, indicating the high reliability of research results. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/76170/ Mon, 29 Aug 2022 00:00:01 GMT <div>Ha, Truong Minh Hieu</div> Ho Chi Minh city’s rapid urbanization and development have created a positive feedback loop. The more financially successful the city becomes, thanks to the internal migration from across the country, the more people are eager to move in and join the thriving economy. However, this also created a Grey Rhino1 scenario where the constant influx of people is spiraling out of control. Out of many consequences that occur from an unnaturally and unplanned high concentration of population in a city that can be observed, crime rate is one of the most concerned and discussed topics. Europeans and Americans are no strangers to immigration phenomenal. Many robust observations of the link between crimes and immigration were documented. Although vary in results, most shared the conclusion that property crimes were the most positively impacted by heavy immigration. Yet, contradicting to findings of previous literature, this paper finds internal immigration has notably impacted all crimes in three criminal categories with little to no spatial impact. This is very surprising but somewhat predictable, given many flaws in the way official reports define internal immigration and the lack of transparency in how criminal data is recorded. The hard block of public access to data also contributes to the desolation of domestic research interest regarding this particular topic and leaves room for speculation why the population data census was closely guarded. Nonetheless, if the policy makers deem the official dataset trustworthy and decide to act on it, the best course of action is the develop neighboring provinces and unpopulated districts to relieve the pressure from Ho Chi Minh city. While simultaneously, minimizing the frequent damage caused by natural disasters in the Center region will encourage more Center Vietnamese to hold their ground. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/71109/ Wed, 20 Dec 2023 00:00:01 GMT <div>Huynh, Dat</div> This research paper explores the pressing need for sustainability in the face of the rapidly expanding global economy, which places significant strain on the environment. The study focuses on the pivotal role of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) within the transition to circular economies. It systematically investigates how collaborative approaches to green practices among supply chain partners influence a firm's sustainability performance. Data from 13 garment manufacturing firms in Vietnam were gathered through a mixedmethod approach, including surveys and interviews, and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and benchmarking methods. The findings reveal that buyer monitoring and institutional pressures have a positive and significant impact on internal green supply chain practices. The study emphasizes the need for alignment between Vietnam's legal framework and international standards to foster environmentally friendly supply chain practices. Furthermore, it underscores the positive relationships between both internal and external GSCM practices and performance measures. Importantly, the research highlights the essential role of green supply chain practices and collaborative efforts in enhancing sustainability and performance in the garment industry. It emphasizes the responsibility of global buyers within the supply chain in driving collaborative initiatives with suppliers and ensuring the promotion of green practices throughout the supply chain, ultimately leading to comprehensive and positive impacts on sustainability. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/71110/ Wed, 20 Dec 2023 00:00:01 GMT <div>Le, Thuy Trang</div> Agricultural credit is regarded as a crucial factor in economic development. Despite the importance of agricultural credit to developing countries, little is known about how such credit impacts rural household, especially in Vietnam. This thesis conducts an empirical analysis of the impact of agricultural credit on farm outcomes and household investment by employing VARHS panel data. In order to do this, we make a comparison between ordinary least squares and fixed effects method to choose the best effective method to control for unobserved heterogeneity. Then, we run multiple regression and find consistent evidence that access to credit leads to a growth in farm production and profit and in household welfare. Furthermore, we also provide potential channels through which credit access affects agricultural profit by analyzing the impact of credit on household investment. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/75659/ Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:01 GMT <div>Nguyen, Ngoc Hai Anh</div> This research focuses on the relationship between international trade and gender equality in employment, extending beyond conventional quantity metrics to incorporate employment quality, which is a crucial dimension that remains unexplored in existing literature. By employing the Continuous Updated Estimator Generalized Method of Moments (CUEGMM) model on cross-country data from 2000 to 2022, the study reveals the multidimensional nature of the relationship between trade and women's employment. The findings indicate that increased female force participation, coupled with trade expansion, catalyzes the “feminization of labour” phenomenon. However, viewing from the quality of employment dimension, this employment growth is disproportionately concentrated in informal work arrangements. These patterns align with feminist economic theory’s proposition that women represent competitive advantages in international trade. To enhance productivity and maintain flexibility in international markets and global value chains, export-oriented firms might leverage the disadvantaged position of female labour to offer them informal jobs. The findings imply that considering trade's contribution to gender equality in employment necessitates a nuanced approach that transcends the simplistic metric of job creation, with the joint consideration of the quality of these jobs. This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of international trade through a gender-responsive lens, aiding in developing gender-sensitive economic policies, which are essential for promoting both equity and inclusive development. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/76315/ Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:01 GMT <div>Ngo, Duc Duy</div> Rural households in Vietnam’s Central and Central Highlands provinces experience recurrent climate hazards that complicate time-sensitive purchases of seeds, fertilizer, land preparation, irrigation, and hired labor. At the same time, rural–urban and international migration generate remittance inflows that may alleviate short-term liquidity constraints. This study examines whether remittances increase farm input expenditure in normal years, whether climate shocks reduce such expenditure, and whether remittances mitigate shock-induced cutbacks. This analysis utilizes three waves of the Thailand–Vietnam Socio-Economic Panel (2013, 2016, and 2017) for Ha Tinh, Thua Thien Hue, and Dak Lak. Models are estimated using village-by-year leaveone-out (LOO) instrument averages of other households’ remittances as a network shifter, and household fixed effects are included to account for time-invariant heterogeneity. The results indicate that remittances increase input spending, whereas climate-related losses reduce it. Furthermore, the marginal effect of remittances diminishes as losses increase. These patterns remain robust when accounting for province-by-year shocks and alternative instrument specifications. By focusing on farm input expenditure as the immediate link connecting liquidity, risk, and productivity, this study offers policy-relevant evidence for climate-vulnerable, migration-active regions. These insights highlight that reducing frictions in money transfers and offering timely, short-term liquidity around input periods can improve the productive use of remittances, while also helping to preserve their role as insurance. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/76314/ Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:01 GMT <div>Nguyen, Huy Hoang</div> This thesis examines whether low-emission rice production can simultaneously reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increase agricultural incomes under real-world conditions for smallholder farmers, and how these results can be translated into carbon finance opportunities for the Vietnamese rice sector. The thesis analyzes a pilot model on an area of43.1 hectares implemented by 20 households at Thang Loi Agricultural Cooperative (Lang Bien commune, Thap Muoi district, Dong Thap province) in the autumn-winter 2024 crop under the national program “One Million Hectares of High-Quality, Low-Emission Rice Sustainable Development Project linked to Green Growth in the Mekong Delta by 2030”. The pilot model applies a bundle package of practices – alternate wetting and drying (AWD), site-specific nutrient management (SSNM), mechanical direct seeding with lower seed rates, short-duration varieties, and straw management – designed to reduce emissions intensity while improving production efficiency. A before-after quasi-experimental design was combined with the 2019 IPCC Tier-2 rice methodology to estimate seasonal methane emissions, using national baseline emission factors and observed management measures. Cooperative accounting data were used to construct both an “engineering” marginal abatement cost (MAC, based on production costs) and a “private” MAC (based on net profits) for the bundled intervention. Results showed that the bundle packages reduced emissions by approximately 4.9 tCO₂ equivalent per hectare compared to continuous flooding and conventional straw burning, while simultaneously increasing yield, reducing production costs per unit of output, and increasing net profits per hectare. At the cooperative scale, the pilot project delivered approximately 212 tCO₂ equivalent mitigation over a season, providing a credible volume for participation in emerging carbon markets. The estimated MACs are strongly negative, meaning that each tonne of CO₂ equivalent reduced is associated with cost savings and increased farm income, and this finding remains robust to careful sensitivity tests of productivity, costs, and global warming potential. Plotting the joint change in emissions and income in the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) space reveals a clear “bend” towards higher incomes and lower emissions at relatively low income levels, emphasizing the role of targeted technological and institutional interventions rather than income growth alone. By integrating the Tier- 2 compatibility measure, empirical MAC estimates, micro EKC interpretations, and carbon price benchmarks, this thesis provides new evidence on the economics of emissions reductions from smallholder and offers specific design insights for results-based payment schemes and carbon trading programs in the rice sector in Vietnam. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/76280/ Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:01 GMT <div>Tang, Huy Bao</div> The hyper-globalization paradigm after the Cold War is disintegrating and is giving way to a new arena of strategic competition in which economic efficacy and national security rival each other. Although the devastating influence of active war on trade is not much of a secret, the consequences of the ubiquitous threat of war the fear and perception of geopolitical tension remain little known. This study investigates how dyadic geopolitical risk (GPR), measured through news media interpretation of conflicts and tensions, influences bilateral trade flows. The results reveal a critical temporal dynamic: geopolitical risk does not disrupt trade contemporaneously. Instead, it exhibits a significant "phasing-in" effect, with negative impacts materializing after a one-year lag and accumulating over a three-year period. A joint geopolitical risk shock leads to a cumulative trade reduction of approximately 6.5%. These results underscore the late but consistent nature of the geopolitical uncertainty and how risk perception may erode world economic integration even in the absent of actual conflict situations. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/76278/ Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:01 GMT <div>Pham, Dong Kha</div> This thesis examines the impact of Vietnam's corporate bond policy tightening in 2022 and policy easing in 2023 on listed residential real estate developers, focusing on the heterogeneity of pre-policy refinancing needs, as represented by the ratio of short-term financial debt to total financial debt. Using the audited annual reports of 129 companies from 2015 to 2024, the analysis applies a difference-in-differences approach and an event-study design to study investment (change in inventories versus assets), leverage, debt maturity structure, liquidity (cash versus assets), net cash from financing activities, and interest coverage. Policy tightening is associated with stronger operating cash flows for firms with higher pre-policy refinancing needs, while policy easing is consistent with a modest increase in leverage and a trend toward shorter maturities for the same firms. Investment shows no short-term response. Robustness checks and placebo tests support these core results. The policy implications are to prioritize liquidity support during policy tightening and combine policy easing with maturity lengthening and refinancing risk-off measures, targeting firms with high short-term refinancing needs. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/76277/ Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:01 GMT <div>Nguyen, Khoi Nguyen</div> Extensive global climate actions have been implemented through demand- and supply-side initiatives to curb fossil fuel use. Still, GHG emissions continue to rise at an alarming rate, posing threats to economies. Given this context, the present paper focuses on FIT as a market-pull instrument in the RE transition. Despite the positive impact on RE generation and CO2 emission mitigation, the role of FIT in sustainable development remains understudied. Moreover, TFP growth often emerges as the stimulus for continuous growth, but it ignores environmental impacts. Hence, GTFP credits both desirable and undesirable outcomes, acting as an alternative to TFP. This paper aims to examine the effect of FIT on GTFP growth. Outcomes are built on the non parametric MLI under the DDF with global PPF, decomposing into TECH and TECCH. To do so, a panel dataset of 56 countries over the 1990-2019 period has been used. The CUE-GMM estimation method with HAC SEs is also integrated to handle endogeneity and heteroskedasticity in the specification. The findings indicate that the FIT has a positive impact on GTFP and TECCH, and a negligible influence on TECH. Heterogeneous results suggest a similar pattern in OECD countries, but counterbalancing effects in non-OECD countries. While generous rates failed to translate into proportionate green performance, the impacts of FIT in mature RE technologies are more pronounced. As a result, a mix of policies, such as carbon taxes and augmenting R&D subsidies, should be considered to complement FIT. This, in turn, facilitates the simultaneous influences of technological diffusion and the frontier shift. FIT remuneration degression is also imperative to reap the full benefits of FIT in GTFP and TECCH. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/76279/ Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:01 GMT <div>Pham, Quynh Nhu</div> Fishing communities in Vietnam facing many difficulties due to unstable livelihood. To deal with that, they take advantage of employing marine resources using family labors. Therefore, large family size and son preference is prevalent social norms in this occupational group. This study measure the impact of families engaging in fishing sector on fertility behavior using instrumental variable approach. Study show that as the distance from commune to nearest coastline increase, the probability of household being in fisheries rise, and fishing families also have higher fertility than other occupations. The mechanism not only lie in economic factors, but also in social factors. The patriarchal system, an institution embedded in both factors, play an important role. Under the lens of capability approach, effective policies should increasing individual well-being, especially for women, by addressing not only in income and assets, but also in challenging institutions limiting individual autonomy and freedom to live the life of their choice. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/76283/ Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:01 GMT <div>Vuong, Khuyen</div> This study examines the impact of Chinese aid on conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa during the period 2001-2021. Chinese aid is different from traditional aid, as its largely aims at financial assistance for infrastructure projects. These large-scale financial flows are argued to create economic and social imbalances in recipient countries, which in turn can fuel conflict. Drawing from the literature on external intervention and conflict, the study finds that Chinese aid is associated with higher level of conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa at district level, particularly the repression of civilians. By introduce a spatial analysis model, research finds the decentralise effect in the areas inhabited by powerless ethnic groups. It then discusses the potential causal channels, suggesting for future research. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/76282/ Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:01 GMT <div>Trinh, Thi Thanh Tra</div> This study investigates how corruption and multidimensional poverty interact to affect provincial health outcomes in Viet Nam. Using panel data from 54 provinces over the period 2016–2023, under–five mortality is employed as dependent variable. Two corruption indicators are used varied perspective: corruption control perceived by firms and corruption control perceived by citizens. To estimate the data, the study applies OLS, FE model, and two step system GMM estimators to correct for reverse causality between health expenditure and mortality. Results show that poverty and corruption have a negative influence on child mortality. Moreover, corruption significantly amplifies the moderate effect of poverty, especially from the firm viewpoint. In addition, when endogeneity is addressed, health expenditure no longer impacts the outcome. This suggests that government spending is a responsive phenomenon. The findings imply that in order to improve healthcare performance in Viet Nam, it required higher level of accountability and poverty reduction in all dimensions. https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/76281/ Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:01 GMT <div>Tran, Anh Dung</div> This paper examines the effect of government transparency on attracting Foreign Direct Investment capital inflows and its indirect effect on government budget revenue. Grounded in Public Finance Theory, this research addresses a critical question: Can the use of government openness as a meta-public good enhance the capital inflows, which leads to a return in fiscal capacity? Using a provincial-level dataset and employing a dynamic Two-Step System Generalised Method of Moments to address potential endogeneity, the analysis reveals two key findings. Firstly, transparency acts as a significant tool to attract FDI inflows, as it reduces total registered capital, thereby filtering out speculative or rent-seeking investments. Secondly, the fiscal benefits of transparency are not primarily mediated by foreign investments but likely operate through broader channels and enhanced domestic capacity. The conclusion is that transparency is an essential meta-public good and crucial to the efficiency of the government’s allocation and stabilisation functions. Policymakers can consider this as a strategic and cost-effective alternative to traditional incentives to promote sustainable economic development for Vietnam.