Theory of the bottom of the pyramid without doubt is one of the most influential theories in the business literatures in the past decades. Prahalad suggested a new mechanism for poverty reduction; large-scale and widespread entrepreneurship is at the heart of the solution to poverty eradication (Prahalad, 2004, Page 28). This idea attracts attention of many scholars in di↵erent fields. This paper suggests that economic theories can contribute to BOP literature. This paper utilizes two influential economic theories; transaction costs and market design economics, to further enrich the BOP literature.