The puzzle in service delivery through public-private partnership in Nigeria : The case Of household solid waste management in Lafia, Nasarawa State

Public-private partnership (PPP) is a common development model promoted by the World Bank and other international organizations as what can solve the problem of service provision in diverse sector of the economy. The management of solid waste has been marked with economic crises and the increasing flow of waste drives policy makers in Lafia to adopt PPP. The adoption of PPP has transformed the state institution and changed the mode of governance. The designing and implementation has created different outcome for different classes of citizens, obscured with cultural practices that is not embrace by the state. However, the various practices, human intentions, the resistance in the nature of waste and the commodification of waste by the state has influence the efficiency that is promoted with PPP. Besides, the environmental change that is produced from the mode of regulation by the state has created a clean environment for the wealthy while intensifying the indiscriminate disposal in poor neighbourhood. The role of the state in marketization of solid waste has led to contradictions, inequality and has limited the sustainability of household solid waste management in Lafia.