In the 60s of the previous century Foucault performed a historico-philosophical analysis of the birth of modern medicine during the 18th and 19th century. His book revolves around 3 themes: the gaze, language and death. The aim of this thesis is to critically analyze the birth of modern medicine alongside these main themes and to evaluate whether the analysis of Foucault is still relevant to the contemporary medical discourse. After critical reflection on contemporary medical discourse, the paradigm described by Foucault remains relevant regarding the gaze and death, but medical paradigm has transformed regarding death.