Understanding victimization and fear of crime in the face of increasing shelter opportunities for male irregular migrants in The Netherlands. A case study analysis of the shelter ‘De Nieuwe Brug’ provided by The Salvation Army in the city of Rotterda

Irregular migrants, particularly single adult males, face marginalization and vulnerability in liberal states like The Netherlands due to constraints on basic and social services and limited access to shelter. Consequently, this marginalized group experiences heightened risks, including victimization and fear of crime, which are often overlooked by scholars and governmental policies. This study examines the impact of shelter opportunities on male irregular migrants in The Netherlands, focusing on their experiences of victimization and fear of crime. The analysis centers on the case of the Salvation Army shelter 'De Nieuwe Brug' in Rotterdam. Through a qualitative approach and semi-structured interviews, the study reveals the vital role shelters play in enhancing safety. Shelters achieve this by providing trained staff, security cameras, and meeting basic needs, effectively de-marginalizing and reducing victimization and fear of crime among irregular migrants. However, the proximity to diverse migrant groups and limited privacy within the shelter environment present new challenges that re-marginalize residents and influence victimization rates and fear experiences. These findings underscore the significance of shelters in supporting irregular migrants and alleviating risks, highlighting the need to address existing challenges within the shelter system while recognizing their crucial role in ensuring the well-being and safety of residents.