Preserving Europe's Cultural Heritage: Strategies and Challenges in the Face of Climate Change

This research examines policies and strategies in mitigating the effects of climate change on cultural heritage. It highlights the pressing necessity for a shift toward new conservation and mitigation measures. This research has extensively reviewed the literature to identify gaps in knowledge and has employed a theoretical framework that incorporates safeguarding strategies, and European cultural policies for climate change. The thesis employed a qualitative content analysis, in which data were collected from 13 carefully selected policy documents that consider the impacts of climate change on cultural heritage. Indeed, the primary research question investigates the objectives of European policies and what strategies have been implemented to address and solve the issue of protecting cultural heritage from the effects of climate change. The results show that, although commitment and attention to this problem has increased during the years, there is still a large gap of clear recommendations and strategies at European level. Results were divided according to similarities and differences between the policies, such as similar interventions or actions, lack of focus over the years and underlying topic. This was done by maintaining a chronological order of policy publications. Indeed, the chronological framework is of great importance to address the study topic of measures implemented at European level. Implicit in the research is the acknowledgement that cultural heritage is not solely an innocent bystander but an engaged participant in discussions regarding environmental sustainability. The thesis adds to the intricate understanding of the correlation between climate change and cultural heritage preservation by providing valuable insights into both dimensions, environmental and cultural, hoping to bring greater awareness and discourse on the topic. Through a policy content analysis, the research aims to provide detailed perspectives on strategies implemented to combat climate change at European level, as the European Union is seen as a key centre of influence because of its inherent power and ability to make a significant impact. The conclusion also highlights the need to use technology and scientific advances to safeguard cultural heritage in the context of climate change. The ultimate goal of this research is to encourage individuals, politicians and communities to address this important issue.