A critical examination of digital communication tools use in aid delivery to internally displaced persons in post-conflict areas: a case study of humanitarian agencies in Nigeria

With the rise of conflicts in Nigeria, humanitarian agencies have been helping thousands of internally displaced persons who had to flee their homes because of violence. The Nigerian government and local and international aid agencies have used digital communication tools to close information gaps, deliver aid, and spread awareness among displaced people. This study aimed to understand how these digital tools help in the aid process and to find the challenges of using them in post-conflict areas. Twelve communication experts were interviewed to gather information. These experts were involved in delivering aid to IDPs and shared how they use digital media to send important information and ensure aid reaches those in need. The findings from the interviews revealed that digital communication tools, such as mobile phones, messaging apps, and social media, make aid delivery faster and more efficient by allowing quick information sharing and reducing the need for travel. Digital tools also support fundraising and help track aid distribution. However, risks arise from reliance on technology in areas with poor internet access and there are concerns of external control over aid resembling colonial practices. The study suggests combining digital tools with traditional community-based methods to improve aid delivery. Recommendations include improving digital infrastructure, teaching digital skills to local populations, and maintaining face-to-face interactions to better understand local needs. Future research should explore the best digital communication tools for use in post-conflict Nigeria, how IDPs with low literacy engage with digital tools, and how digital communication reduces gender-based violence and protects vulnerable groups, such as women and children, from human trafficking.