Vertical and Hortizontal Integration in the Maritiee Industry

The inferences of the recent financial crisis of 2008 have impacted the liner shipping industry greatly. The repercussions of the crisis were especially visible because of the nature of the demand for transportation. The Recovery from the crisis did take place, however, mostly not at pre-­‐crisis levels. Liner operators are still enduring the repercussions of low fright rates coupled with increased costs.